学到一招：虽然OpenWRT网上资料和教程非常多，但还是官方WiKi最靠谱，可以少走很多路！
推荐给初学者一篇文章：http://www.leiphone.com/author/hoowa

如何安装Web管理界面

路由器都有个网页管理界面，登陆后可做很多事情。其实安装很简单！
https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/luci.essentials

opkg update

opkg install luci

打开http://192.168.1.1即可
[ 0.763919] 5 tp-link partitions found on MTD device spi0.0

[ 0.768293] Creating 5 MTD partitions on "spi0.0":

[ 0.773019] 0x000000000000-0x000000020000 : "u-boot"

[ 0.779253] 0x000000020000-0x00000015c630 : "kernel"

[ 0.784016] 0x00000015c630-0x0000003f0000 : "rootfs"

[ 0.789067] mtd: device 2 (rootfs) set to be root filesystem

[ 0.793545] 1 squashfs-split partitions found on MTD device rootfs

[ 0.799744] 0x000000340000-0x0000003f0000 : "rootfs_data"

[ 0.806247] 0x0000003f0000-0x000000400000 : "art"

[ 0.810960] 0x000000020000-0x0000003f0000 : "firmware"

分区名称、分区容量、分区作用：
"u-boot"：128KB，设备初始化程序+引导程序代码本身

"kernel" ：1MB，存放系统内核的二进制代码，按照x86下的讲法是Raw分区，就是这里只有内核的二进制，不存在文件系统。

"rootfs"：6.7MB，完整的系统文件包含只读和可写

"rootfs_data"：4.9MB，在rootfs中的可写部分的位置

"art"：64KB，EEPROM分区，在Atheros的方案中这个分区保存了无线的硬件参数

"firmware"：7.9MB，完整的固件位置包含了除"u-boot"和"art"之外全部的内容


 
 
 
 
 
 
Collected errors:

* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-scsi-core:
解决办法，添加
 --force-depends --force-overwrite

opkg install kmod-usb-storage-extras kmod-scsi-core  --force-depends  --force-overwrite
：
发现上面的方法并不太好用，还是经常提示上述错误。
所以不得不搭建本地服务源！
1.首先你要有一台自己的VPS服务器和个人域名！
2.利用wget下载全站文件：
wget -r -p -np -k  http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx

-r,  --recursive（递归）          specify recursive download.（指定递归下载）

-k,  --convert-links（转换链接）      make links in downloaded HTML point to local files.（将下载的HTML页面中的链接转换为相对链接即本地链接）

-p,  --page-requisites（页面必需元素）    get all images, etc. needed to display HTML page.（下载所有的图片等页面显示所需的内容）

-np, --no-parent（不追溯至父级）          don't ascend to the parent directory.
 
3.
cat  /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf

或者打开：http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/luci/admin/system/packages/ipkg

修改Distribution feeds为自己的内容，修改前：
src/gz designated_driver_base http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/generic/packages/base

src/gz designated_driver_kernel http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/generic/packages/kernel

src/gz designated_driver_luci http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/generic/packages/luci

src/gz designated_driver_management http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/generic/packages/management

src/gz designated_driver_packages http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/generic/packages/packages

src/gz designated_driver_routing http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/generic/packages/routing

src/gz designated_driver_telephony http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/generic/packages/telephony

# src/gz designated_driver_targets http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/generic/packages/targets

修改后：
src/gz designated_driver_base http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/packages/base

src/gz designated_driver_kernel http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/packages/kernel

src/gz designated_driver_luci http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/packages/luci

src/gz designated_driver_management http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/packages/management

src/gz designated_driver_packages http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/packages/packages

src/gz designated_driver_routing http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/packages/routing

src/gz designated_driver_telephony http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/packages/telephony

# src/gz designated_driver_targets http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/packages/targets

然后执行：
opkg update

重新升级固件：
cd /tmp/

wget http://openwrt.51cos.com/generic/openwrt-ar71xx-generic-

tl-wr720n-v4-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin

mtd write openwrt-ar71xx-generic-tl-wr720n-v4-squashfs-sysupg

rade.bin firmware

reboot
 
 
 
 
 
opkg install fdisk #可支持fdisk

opkg install usbutils #安装了这个后可以用 lsusb

opkg install e2fsprogs #支持格式化

opkg install blkid                   #用于查看USB设备uuid信息 
opkg install luci#支持luci网页界面

opkg install http://openwrt.51cos.com//generic/packages/luci/luci-i18n-base-zh-cn_git-16.131.69935-650c031-1_all.ipk  #安装Luci简体中文
opkg install kmod-usb-audio  //安装声音服务

opkg install alsa-utils //这两个音频服务安装后，要插上USB声卡后重启，看到/dev/dsp /dev/audio就表示成功了

opkg install madplay #安装音乐播放器
 wget -O - http://yinyueshiting.baidu.com/data2/music/246072959/136591821600128.mp3?xcode=9586a28b5ec9196ac9bf3d409e407d1c | madplay  - #测试播放在线音乐，成功但是音质一般般
 
 
opkg install kmod-fs-ext4  kmod-fs-vfat kmod-fuse ntfs-3g # 文件系统的支持
 
 
 opkg list-installed

dmesg

lsmod

fdisk -l

lsusb 

 
 
OpenWRT嗅探教程
1.openwrt路由下安装 tcpdump
opkg update

opkg install tcpdump

2.电脑装wireshark 和plink.exe（putty也行，里面自带plink）

https://www.wireshark.org/download.html

http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
3.路由下tcpdump抓包，PC端使用 wireshark 实时监听
D:\putty>plink.exe -ssh -pw 111111 [email protected] "tcpdump -ni wlan0 -s 0 -w -

 not port 22" | "D:\Wireshark\Wireshark.exe" -k -i -

111111 是路由器root用户的密码，root是用户名 ，wlan0 无线网卡代号，  ifconfig 可以看到具体详细信息